Avonex® (interferon beta 1-a)
Parent company: Biogen Idec.
Taken via weekly intramuscular injections; dosage is 30 mcg.
Approved for relapsing forms of MS and for individuals with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), a single attack not yet diagnosed as MS.
Avonex has been shown to reduce the number of relapses and slow the progression of physical disability.
Interferons may affect the immune system by decreasing damaging cells, while increasing cells that suppress inflammation. They may also reduce the transport of potentially damaging immune-system cells from entering the brain.
An extension of the CHAMPS study will determine if immediate initiation of therapy after a first attack continues to delay the development of further attacks and the development of neurologic disability over 10 years.
The ASSURANCE 15-year follow-up study will evaluate the longer-term impact on the development of disability of early versus delayed initiation of therapy in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Positive data is now available from eight years of treatment.
The TODAY trial, now recruiting, is studying the side effects of gradually increasing to full dosage from a partial dose, relative to starting at full dose. A pilot study of 27 patients suggests that the combination of initial-dose titration (increasing to a full dose gradually) and analgesic drugs reduces flu-like side effects with Avonex.
Combination and Comparative studies:
The ongoing, Phase III COMBI Rx trial for RRMS uses three treatment arms: Avonex with
Copaxone, Avonex alone, and Copaxone alone.
The ACT trial evaluated Avonex in combination with methotrexate (MTX), intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP), or both; data suggested that adding MTX and IVMP may be helpful in patients on Avonex who have continuing active disease.
A study of individuals with RRMS that combines Avonex with Cellcept® is now recruiting. It will evaluate changes in brain-lesion volume activity in RRMS.
The combination of Avonex with bi-monthly high-dose intravenous methotrexate is being examined, as is a single high dose of methotrexate prior to beginning treatment with Avonex.